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References |
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Ruler |
Reign AD |
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Prince Ruben I |
1080–1095 |
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Prince Constantine I |
1095-1100 |
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Prince Thoros I |
1100-1129 |
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Prince Levon (Leo) I |
1129-1137 |
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Byzantine Control |
1137-1151 |
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Prince Thoros II |
1151-1169 |
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Prince Mleh |
1169-1175 |
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Prince Ruben III |
1175-1187 |
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Prince Levon (Leo) II |
1187-98 |
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Levon I is the only king of Cilician Armenia to have struck a silver double tram as shown below. A critical study of the history of the period immediately preceding the coronation of Levon indicates that he struck them when the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry VI, promised him a crown late in 1196 or early 1197. He thus assumed the legal title of king before his official coronation.
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- Rare Double Tram
- Obv. Levon seated facing on throne decorated with lions, holding globus cruciger and lis-tipped sceptre, with feet resting upon footstool.
- Rev. Crowned lion advancing left, head facing, holding patriarchal cross; hollow sexfoil in field above lion.
- Diameter: 27mm, weight: 5.37 gm
- Nercessian (2006): 268
- RP-836
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King Levon (Leo), 1199-1219 |
On the eve of the Third Crusade, Pope Clement III asked Prince Levon II and Gregory IV (the head of the Armenian church) to extend financial and military help to the arriving crusaders. Levon sent an escort to the armies of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa who was approaching Cilicia after settling his disputes with the Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelus. Frederick had promised Levon a royal crown for his fidelity, but the former unfortunately drowned while crossing the Calycadnus near Seleucia. Levon, however, continued to support the crusaders, as his army was present at the siege of Acre and he joined Richard the Lionheart in his conquest of Cyprus. For his loyal support, Levon received his royal crown which had been promised, taking the title King Levon I. He was crowned at Tarsus on 6 January 1199 by the Imperial Chancellor Conrad of Hildeshiem, under decree from Pope Clement III and the new Holy Roman Emperor, Henry VI. |
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- Sis mint, Tram AR
- Obv: Cross pattee initial mark and also above king's right hand. Details of king's clothing well-defined.
- Rev: cross pattee initial mark. Cross pattee on the staff unusually having pellets in quadrants.
- Three pellets at base of staff.
- 23 mm, 2,74 gm
- Nercessian 296
- RP-839
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- Sis mint, Tram AR
- Obverse: cross pattee initial mark
- No pellets in field
- Reverse: cross pattee initial mark
- Rev. cross: small cross-bar, then much larger, then a triangular device.
- 23 mm, 2,73 gm
- RP-820
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- Sis mint, Tram AR
- Obverse: cross pattee initial mark
- Obv: pellets in right field
- Reverse: cross pattee initial mark
- Rev. cross: small cross-bar, then much larger, then a triangular device.
- 22 mm, 2,99 gm
- RP-821
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- Sis mint, Tram AR
- Obverse: cross pattee initial mark
- Obv: single small pellet in right field
- Reverse: cross pattee initial mark
- Cross-bars of the cross are of approx. equal length. Pellet below.
- 23 mm, 3.07 gm
- RP-823
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- Sis mint, Tram AR
- Obverse: cross pattee initial mark
- Reverse: cross pattee initial mark
- Rev. cross: small cross-bar, then a larger, then a pellet.
- 22 mm, 2.84 gm
- RP-824
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Cross pommee/star initial marks... e.g. Nercessian type 290 - NB there are far less types documented by Nercessian of these reverse star coins. |
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- Sis mint, AR Tram
- Obv initial mark: cross pommee
- Obv: three pellets on king's left breast, cross pommee in king's right hand.
- Reverse: six-rayed star initial mark, "kinked" cross shaft.
- 22 mm, 2,91 gm
- RP-822
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- Sis mint, AR Tram
- Obv initial mark: cross pattee ?
- Facing king on throne with lion supports, note "s6" star above LH lion.
- Several pellets on king's left breast, cross in king's right hand.
- Reverse: six-rayed star initial mark,
- 22 mm, 2,9 gm
- Nercessian 290 sim.
- RP-838
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Levon I Bronze coins... |
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- Bronze tank.
- Obv : Crowned lion’s head facing slightly to right. Legend: Levon, King of Armenians.
- 5 pellets on crown
- Rev : Patriarchal cross flanked by stars. Legend: Struck in the city of Sis.
- Diam: 27.9, weight: 7.4 gm
- Nercessian (2006) # 303
- RP-827
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Isabella (Zabel) |
1219-1222 |
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Isabella (Zabel) with Philip of Antioch |
1222-1225 |
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No Known Coins |
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Hetoum I and Zabel. |
1226-1252 |
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- Tram AR
- Obv: Hetoum and Zabel facing foward
- Rev: lion right, base of cross below.
- 21 mm, 3.01 gm
- RP-825
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- Tram AR
- Obv : Hetoum and Zabel standing facing one another, heads facing, holding between them a long cross.
- Rev : Crowned lion advancing right, head facing; long cross, with horizontal bar on shaft behind. Circle of pellets on lion's shoulder.
- 21 mm, 3.0 gm
- Nercessian 340
- RP-835
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- Tram AR
- Obv: Hetoum and Zabel facing foward
- Rev: lion right, base of cross below.
- 20.1 mm, 3.07 gm
- RP-815
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Hetoum I and Zabel facing each other... |
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- Obv: Hetoum I and Zabel facing each other
- Sis mint.
- Rev: lion right, large "s6" star below.
- 20.9 mm, 2.85 gm
- Nercessian 342
- RP-814
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Hetoum I as sole ruler |
1252-1270 |
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- Obv: 'Hetoum, King of the Armenians' Hetoum I, seated facing on throne with lion supports, holding lis-tipped scepter in right hand and globus cruciger in left.
- Rev. 'Struck in the city of Sis' (in Armenian Cross potent with ray in each angle.
- Diameter: 28.5 mm, weight: 7.3 gm.
- Nercessian (2006) # 353.
- RP-830
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- Smaller and lighter than the above coin.
- Obv: Hetoum seated facing on plain bench with no lions, holding lis-tipped scepter and globus cruciger.
- Reverse : Cross pattée; petals in each quarter
- Similar to Nercessian # 354.
- Diameter: 25 mm, weight: 4.57 gm.
- Nercessian (2006) # 354 sim.
- RP-834.
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Levon (Leo) II (Levon III) |
1270–1289 |
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Hetoum II - reign undiff. |
1289–1293, 1295–1296, 1299–1307 |
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- Kardez, Sis mint.
- Obv : Crowned head of king facing.
- Rev : Patriarchal cross terminating in floral scroll.
- Nercessian (2006) # 398
- Diameter: 21 mm, 3.7 gm.
- RP-828
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Hetoum II - 1st reign |
1289–1293 |
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Hetoum II - 2nd reign |
1295–1296 |
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Hetoum II - 3rd reign |
1299–1307 |
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Thoros III |
1293-1298 |
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Smbat (Usurper) |
1296-1298 |
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- Obv: King on horseback riding right, holding reins in left hand and mace over his shoulder in right, legend around.
- Rev: Cross with four doves in flight, one in each quadrant, legend around.
- Diameter: 19.0 mm, 1.96 gm
- Nercessian (2006) # 412
- RP-704
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Constantine I |
1298-1299 |
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Levon (Leo) III (Levon IV) - with Hetoum II |
1303-1307 |
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- Levon III AD 1301-1307.
- Takvorin AR
- 22mm, 2.46 gm
- RP-826
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Oshin |
1308-1320 |
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Levon (Leo) IV (Leo V) |
1320-1341 |
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Levon (Leo) IV (Leo V) |
1320-1341 |
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Constantine II |
1342-1344 |
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Constantine III |
1344-1362 |
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Constantine IV |
1362-1373 |
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Levon (Leo) V (Leo VI) |
1374-1375 |
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